MEDIATION MEMORANDUM Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

MEDIATION MEMORANDUM - Coursework Example hat the grapes and its products were quickly becoming a desired product and I realized that soon the grape producer will find a better offer from another distributor and buyer. I decided to protect myself and my future business investments by drafting a contract which would ensure that the grape producer will always be selling her products to me. The contract also stipulated that the price will not be increased by any cost no matter who will be willing to purchase the products later on and at whatever cost. The son of the grape producer made the delivery and since the contract was time conscious and I did not know what would happen between that delivery and the next, I explained the contract details to the son and he signed the contract. I did not coerce him into signing it and it was therefore a mutual decision after going through the contract to formalize the business deals. I had no prior knowledge of his age as he looked and seemed quite competent in handling the delivery and the payments, and I thought he was of age if he could be sent to handle the business on behalf of his parents. A few weeks later, my fears turned true after the grape producer received a better offer in price and in produce quantity and decided that my business was not worth continuing the business deal. I decided to remind the grape producer about the contract agreement only to find out that the son never mentioned it to the parents. I cannot let my efforts, and the hard work I have put into advertising and marketing the grape products from scratch, go to waste simply because a better offer has been found. It is not fair that I was the one who built the business and now that the product is known to others, I am kept aside and forgotten. The issue at hand is the lack of honoring the contract which has been signed already meaning the terms and conditions of the contract have been agreed upon and hence it can simply not be terminated without the two parties in the contract coming to an

Sanctification and Justification Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sanctification and Justification - Assignment Example In other words, a person is able to earn a positive evaluation in his eyes. Justification is closely connected to the idea of righteousness of Christ. Thus, just like the original sin was imputed on the humanity because of Adam, righteousness may be imputed on the humanity after the example of Christ. Another important point that should be mentioned is that justification comes exclusively through the grace of God. It is not based on any particular merit of a person. Therefore, it depends on the actions which are performed by God. However, the biggest significance holds the following notion: although justification is facilitated by God, it comes through the faith which is developed by a person. That is why the latter should also be seen as an irreplaceable prerequisite for justification as if one does not have a sufficient amount of faith, the process of justification will not happen. The next idea that should be carefully examined is called sanctification. It may be defined as â€Å"a progressive work of God and man that makes us more and more free from sin and like Christ in our actual lives† (Grudem, 2009). There are certain differences between sanctification and justification. Thus, the latter is performed once in life and lasts for ever. Contrary to that the former is carried out continuously during one’s life. The latter entirely depends on actions of God and the former is a result of cooperation of God and human. One might define three stages of sanctification. The first one begins with regeneration. The second stage involves the entire life of a person. Finally, it is completed only after the death of an individual. All this results in the understanding that the process of sanctification is a peculiar one as it is never completed when a person is alive. Therefore, death is the essential element of sanctification which can not be omitted. As it has been noted previously, the cooperation between God and human

Learning experience Essay Example for Free

Learning experience Essay When I think about â€Å"Learning Experiences,† I think of every situation someone finds themselves in as a learning experience. People have not traditionally used that phrase in relating to more formal learning interventions – i. e. classroom, but from a learner’s perspective, both formally and informally, that’s exactly what is happening: learners are experiencing something that, hopefully, results in a change in thinking, understanding, or behavior afterwards. Learning experiences are a way to think about what a learning intervention might be (i. e. – its design) in the context of desired end goals and outcomes. This can then inform our choices about how communication channels and modes, learning activities, and resources come together to best support the end goals and outcomes, and also how these channels and activities may evolve over time. Certainly in this context, a learning intervention is something that is much more than what has traditionally been thought of as â€Å"content. † In thinking about what is currently thought of as learning content, I think of something akin to a page from. a textbook (that has its doppelganger in web-based training) with which one â€Å"reads† and then â€Å"interacts† with in some way. That definition of learning content and learner interaction represents a very narrow and limited view of what a learning experience can be and usually limits the type of learning to that of recognizing or memorizing specific facts, procedures, and concepts exemplified in the deployment of web- based, self-directed individual learning experiences commonly called e-learning. Learning content can be thought of much more broadly and inclusively. This could mean that learning content could actually include not only the â€Å"whats† but the â€Å"hows† of learning. For example, learning content in the context of learning experiences could contain a collection of specific content resources, content pointers, functional tools or tool pointers, activity descriptions, and assessments that, when brought together, embody a particular pedagogical model. In fact, the reverse could also be learning content – a pedagogical model describing the types of learning resources, tools, and activities needed to achieve learning outcomes. So you could think of learning content as collections of pedagogical models and collections of resources that participate in shaping an individual’s learning experience that are aligned with learning outcomes and positive actions that stem from the experience. Another facet of learning content is the artifacts produced during the learning experience. Besides the description above, learning content models should also be collaborative or cooperative with resources and activities supporting the learners working together to produce a learning artifact. A learning artifact could  be anything based on an authentic learning activity or experience such as a model, computer code, diagram or even the ubiquitous PowerPoint presentation. As these artifacts are created and evaluated during the learning process, they then become learning resources that can be used iteratively for others in similar or more advanced experiences. These ideas allow us to merge knowledge management and single/double loop organizational learning into our concept of learning content. Conceptually, this represents a shift from the typical view of content managed by a typical content  management system, with the assumption that when content is simply presented to a learner that he or she will just â€Å"learn† from it – that somehow learning (and especially learning to do or understand) is transmitted from the content to the learner. With that view of content and of the learner’s experience, then it’s no surprise that critics of the pedagogical merits of SCORM view it as being â€Å"limited. † When I think about learning experiences in the context of this effort by ADL, I define them as a model that will allow higher order learning outcomes to be realized. This can occur by expanding on our  understanding of learning content to include specific collections of learning resources, tools, and activities guided by pedagogical models. This is sometimes conceived as a problem-based, collaborative-based approach shaped and tailored to meet specific learning goals but I believe it is even much more than that. Learning experiences as currently being thought of by ADL will be able to provide an interoperable and reusable means for design and/or self organization of learning activities that are pedagogically sound, allowing the attainment, assessment, and tracking of higher order learning outcomes.

Assessing food globalisation effects in taiwan

Assessing food globalisation effects in taiwan With the fast development of the society and economy, there is no doubt that globalization is coming increasingly popular than ever before since 1980s, whether in international economy or international political affairs, and it will be more popular in the future (Aydin, 2010). Now all kinds of the information can be transformed in a short second with a large amount. Therefore, as a result of globalization, all over the world are linked together and they depend on each other (Skoufiasa, 2010). With the globalization, the world has been developing much faster as well. In this essay, it is to have a short description of the background and the fundamental theories of globalization, after that, a case study, Taiwan Banana industry, will be placed out to analysis the effects of the globalization to the banana industry. Before analyzing the specific effects, there will be a brief introduction of Taiwan Banana industry, including nature, culture and the government role in the banana market, and then the reasons to choose Taiwan Banana industry as a case study will be demonstrated as well. With the globalization, competition in the banana industry is of quite sharp, thus comparison with the Philippine would be taken. Soon afterwards, the strategies for improving the Taiwan Banana industry competition will be further illustrated. Finally, a conclusion will be drawn. Description of the theory of globalization Since the 1980s, globalization has been becoming an increasingly new phenomenon in the world, the basic characteristics of our times. However, there is no uniform definition of globalization. From the material form, globalization refers to the cross-border flows of goods and capital, through a transnational and local internationalization and globalization these stages of development (Fratzscher, 2007). Cross-border flows of goods and capital is the first form of globalization. In this process, by a corresponding regional, it arouse international economic management organizations and economic entities, and culture, lifestyle, values, ideologies and other spiritual forces of transnational exchange, collision, conflict and integration (Braslavsky, 2003). Overall, globalization is a core of economic globalization, including the countries and peoples of various regions in the political, cultural, technological, military, security, ideology, lifestyle, values, multi-layered, multi-area int erconnected, the impact of multiple constraints of the concept. Globalization can be summarized as technology, economy, politics, law, management, organizational, cultural, ideological, interpersonal communication, the globalization of international relations in ten areas. And globalization has many advantages and disadvantages. First, globalization allows worldwide capital, technology, products, and markets, resources to be relocated effectively and rationally(Anwar, 2007). Globalization not only prompts in effective international cooperation, but also intensifies the competition among countries. From a country perspective, local companies will exceed their resources and limited domestic market, the global search for the optimal allocation of resources and effective use. Second, globalization provides good opportunities and challenges for developing countries (Manzey, 2009). First, it helps developing countries to use foreign capital and foreign investment. Second, it promotes structural optimization of the exports of developing countries. As the capital inflows, direct investment activities of transnational corporations and domestic industrial restructuring have improved the structure of developing country exports. Third, it forces developed countries to deal with the problems faced by developing countries. Developed countries increasingly recognize that economic globalization, their economic stability and development depend on developing countries (Gomory, 2009). Third, with the globalization, it provides peoples of the world for a good opportunity to select goods and services (Ge, 2009). With the market globalization, international trade logistics will become the main form of peoples of the world according to their own preferences and consumption needs, to choose their products (Farazmand, 2005). Fourth, globalization will promote culture development. Economic globalization will not only affect the global economic structure and order, but also it brings different cultures to varying degrees (Arndt, 2009; Polivka, 2001). Fifth, globalization will promote trade and investment liberalization (Grieben, 2009). Trade and investment liberalization are the products of economic globalization and it is a powerful driving force of globalization. Trade and investment liberalization are accelerating the development of advanced process of economic globalization. Investment liberalization, has become the mainstream of development, in not only developed countries, but a growing number of developing countries actively take investment liberalization measures. On the one hand, a large number of foreign investment, on the other hand actively engaging in overseas investment, so that the world direct investment increased rapidly, investment activities worldwide, the global regulatory framework and rules of investment have begun to form. Sixth, globalization accelerates the process of technology transfer and industrial structure adjustment (Rugman, 2005). Globalization has brought great development of the international division of labor, industry, the big transfer and capital, technology and other production factors of large flows, which make up the domestic capital for developing countries, technology and other elements of the gap. On the contrary, globalization has its negative effects. First, globalization has exacerbated the imbalance in the world economy, so that the wealth gap (Gindlinga, 2010). Globalization has not only brought the impact on the national economy of developing countries, but it also affects the basis of unequal relations. Second, globalization has strengthened the instability of the world economy (Czinkota, 2005). Globalization ties with the world economy more closely, thus, each countrys economic stability will depend not only on their domestic factors, but also, largely, by the tremendous international impact. As international trade continues to expand, other countries, particularly major trading partners economic situation, such as inflation, the financial crisis, and it will affects their own (Knight, 1998). Third, the current global economic rules of operation are not quite reasonable, developed countries benefit more (Zhu, 2004). With the development of economic globalization, the objective needs to be regulated with the rules, constraints, the behavior of participants, while the rule-making is a strength-based. Fouth, globalization can also lead to the destruction of the ecological environment in developing countries (Aggarwal, 2006). For example, the increasing spread of desertification, land erosion, the extinction of plant and animal species, marine and river Road pollution. A brief introduction of Taiwan nature, culture Taiwan is located on the southeast coast of the continental shelf, located between longitude 119 °1803 and 124  °3430à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ³, latitude 20 °4525 to 25 °5630à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ³. It has a sea area of 36,000 square kilometers, including Taiwan Island (an area of 35,801 square kilometers), the Penghu Islands, Green Island, Diaoyu Island, Orchid Island, Lantau Peng Gui, Chiwei. The province is also is divided in 7 cities and 16 counties. Taiwan faces the Pacific, the Northeast neighborhood Ryukyu Islands, about 600 km apart; the southern boundary is the Bashi Channel, and the Philippines, about 300 km apart; west boundary is the Taiwan Strait, Fujian, narrowest point to 130 kilometers. Taiwan, the center channel briefly the Western Pacific, is the Pacific regions major transport hub at sea links. In addition, it is an important part of China. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan). Taiwan has a population of 21.86 million, including Kinmen, Matsupopulation growth rate is about 7.31%. Population is mainly concentrated in the western plains, the eastern population of only 4% of the total population. The average population density is 568.83 people per square kilometer. Political, economic and cultural center and largest city of Taipeis population density has reached 1 million per square kilometer. The Han nationality accounts for about 98% of the total Taiwan residents, minority 2%, about 38 million people. According to the language and customs of different ethnic minorities of Taiwan into the Ami, Atayal, Paiwan, Bunun, Puyuma, Rukai, Cao, Yami and the other 9 Saisiyat family, separation across the province. And now it has a mixture culture including traditional Chinese culture,Japanese culture, traditional Confucianist beliefs, and increasingly Western values (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan) . The island of Taiwan is mountainous, mountains and hills occupy more than two-thirds of the total area. Taiwans mountains and the islands northeast southwest direction parallel to the vertical Woyu east central island location, the island formed over the eastern mountains, hilly central and western plains of topographical features. Taiwan has warm climate in winter, hot in summer, rainfall, typhoons and heavy rain over the summer and fall. Tropic of Cancer passing through the central island, north to subtropical climate, the south has a tropical climate, the average temperature (except mountains) is 22 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, annual precipitation over 2000 mm. Abundant rainfall creates favorable conditions islands rivers, crops and fruits, particular Taiwan banana (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan). The reason for selecting banana industry Banana is one of Taiwans major economic fruits for export-oriented, and now banana is still the largest export of Taiwan fruit. Compared with other crops, bananas, due to higher yield, extensive management, labor saving, still has a comparative advantage. In short, the banana production in Taiwan for several years shows the phenomenon of growth, decline and stability. So the expansion of Taiwans banana industry has also emerged, and the steady state of contraction. It also has a long history of exporting to other countries. Taking Japan for example, it has been decades of exporting banana to Japan since 1963. Taiwans banana industry developed during the period of Japanese occupation, and Taiwan bananas monopolized the Japanese market until banana importation was liberalized in 1963 (Yoshiyuki, 2006). Taiwan has very good light and heat conditions with the largest banana development, the highest yield, and it is one of the regions with best quality. In addition, Taiwan banana is of go od quality and convenient transportation, because is the Pacific regions major transport hub. So Taiwan banana is chosen as a case study in this essay. The effects of transnational corporations on banana market With the development of economy, the five large transnational corporations monopolize the whole banana market now. It is undeniable that transnational corporations are an important driving force of economic globalization. Multinationals global business strategy is an important foundation to speed up the process of economic globalization (Matowe, 2002). The competitiveness of enterprises is the industrial competitiveness as well as an important manifestation of national competitiveness. TNC is the main force of the modern enterprise, and is an important part of the worlds overall national strength and competitiveness of countries. Multinational firms international investment accelerates the process of economic globalization. International investment is the international economic and technological cooperation (Cerny,1994). With the accelerated development of the world economy, multinational corporations have become the main carrier of international investment. Multinational internation al investment is showed in the global expansion of finance capital, monopolizing in the world market. Therefore, the five large transnational corporations have great impact on the global banana market and the main producing countries, Taiwan included, although banana is an exporting industry with a long history. For example, transnational corporation will affect government policy (Roberts, 2005). On the other hand, to large multinational companies, they have the finance strength to repel their rivals out of the market. Because of the market operation in many countries at the same time, they would use lower prices exclude local competitors. With incomplete information, they often have local aggressive behavior to establish their credibility, or potential competition to the world market for the issuing of false signals, to reduce the overall competition (Globalization and global change research 2004, p. 280). In all, they benefit more for themselves. Whats more, Philippine now is beco ming the fourth largest exporter that it might put great affect on the Taiwan banana. If the situation continues, the large transnational corporation will operate in Taiwan, thus the Taiwan banana industries should find a way out. The strategy to compete with Philippine In recent years, many problems appear in the banana industry. First, the quality of banana changes because of the bad weather like typhoon, many banana trees are destroyed by typhoon, but the remaining trees are also seriously hurt. In addition, diseases are wide spreaded as well, so that the quality is reduced. According to the news, because of the low quality of banana, Japan almost refuses a large number of the bananas every year. On the other hand, the big rival-Philippine, is developing fast in the recent years. Now the Philippine is the world fourth largest banana country. Whats more, Philippine has low price bananas and now it holds almost seven tenths of the Japan banana market. Therefore, it is a real rival to Taiwan banana industry. However, since the Taiwan has become a member of WTO, changes will take place to compete with the low price Philippine banana if effective measures are taken. First and for the most, the quality of the Taiwan bananas should be improved. In order to reduce the disease attack, new and anti-disease species would be cultivated. Then putting more emphasis on the producing technology, producing technology is of important in banana producing, such as keeping fresh. Now people pay more attention to health food than ever before that Green food is every popular. Therefore, if after years of hard working, Taiwan banana is much healthier than other counties, it will have a larger market again. However, so as to realize the goal, much money should input to research. Government departments should be targeted to organize the implementation of major research projects! These projects should be borne by research institutions and integrated production enterprises. Second, improve the banana farmers positive. As a result of the bad performance of Taiwan banana exporting market, the farmers positives been seriously hurt. Therefore, in order to improve the banana farmers positive, the government should stabilize banana prices, and then improve the banana prices step by step and more privilege would be enacted to give more profits to the banana farmers. Third, the government should have a clear understanding of its responsibility in the modem society, especially as a member of WTO. In personal, compared with Taiwan nature and culture characters, the role of government is of much more importance. Further more, governments a particular policy will promote, draw back, or stabilize the banana market, especially after Taiwan entered into WTO. With globalization, the governments main responsibilities are following. First, the government plays a critical role in the development of economy (Moshirian, 2008). Government should use the various legal, economic and other macro-control means to maintain the economic order and the sustainable and healthy economic development. In this aspect, the focus of government economic policy is to create the state-efficient market environment, especially a good investment environment to attract capital, technology and professionals to improve the countrys competitiveness. As the global economy and national development strategies important changes take place under the new situation, governments, especially governments of developing countries should transform its role in enhancing economic competitiveness imperative way. On the one hand, trade and investment liberalization require developing countries to adopt effective policies to ensure fair competition; on the other hand, cross-border movem ent substantially eliminates barriers for developing countries to use global resources to develop its economy. More and more governments realize that creating and maintaining an efficient market is more important than industrial policy. The government plays the role in basically allocation of resources to improve the efficiency of resource allocation, enhancing its economic competitiveness. Government can not intervene the market excessively to avoid distortion and damage the market mechanism. Second, the government also plays a great role in governing the society. In the era of economic globalization, with the internationalization of social life, domestic content and manner of administration will inevitably encounter problems of internationalization (Aguayo-Tà ©lleza, 2010). Such as the emergence of transnational corporations, the increasing number of international organizations and transnational institutions, enhancing mobility, all that requires government to develop administrat ion function, as immigration authorities, foreign tax administration, international liaison and cooperation agencies, etc., to deal with economic globalization. Conclusion Since 1980, globalization, which means the cross-border flows of goods and capital, through a transnational and local internationalization and globalization these stages of development, has been quite popular, and contain many advantages as following. Globalization allows many resources, including world capital, technology, products, etc., to be relocated effectively. However, the developing countries are faced both good opportunities and challenges before globalization, mainly because it can both help the developing counties to develop structural optimization of the exports and handle with the problems brought by the globalization. To the consumers, they have more opportunities to select goods and services and it promotes culture communication. In addition, globalization still brings trade and investment liberalization as well. On the other hand, many problems appear with globalization. Globalization has exacerbated the imbalance in the world economy and the gap between the wealth a nd poor. It also has strengthened the instability of the world economy. To developed countries, through the globalization, they benefit more than the developing countries and they might destroy ecological environment in developing countries. Taiwan, which has good nature and culture characters, is fit for grow banana. Now it is the largest export of Taiwan fruit. In addition, Taiwan also has a long history of exporting banana with high yield that why the Taiwan banana is chose as a case study in this essay. However, Taiwan banana also face challenges, such as the quality declining, the growing competitor like Philippine. However, since the Taiwan has become a member of WTO, the situation will change if effective measures are taken. First, the banana quality should be improved. New anti-disease species with good quality banana should be cultivated. Second, the government should encourage the banana farmers positive through effective measures, such as improving the banana price and more privileges. With the globalization, the government plays a key role and the government should have a clear understanding of its responsibility in the modem society, especially as a member of WTO. The government plays a critical role in the development of economy and the government should create and maintain sustainable and healthy economic development. Government is of importance in governing the society. Creating and maintaining an efficient market is more important than industrial policy to the government. In all, with the efforts of all the Taiwan people and Taiwan government, Taiwan will have a bright and sustainable banana market.

Essay on the Metamorphosis in Pride and Prejudice -- Pride and Prejudi

Metamorphosis in Pride and Prejudice   Ã‚   As the story develops in Jane Austen's novel, Pride and Prejudice, the reader is witness to a shift in attitude between the principle characters. The chapter in which Elizabeth Bennett's reactions to Mr. Darcy's letter are explored provides valuable insights into this metamorphosis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first description of Elizabeth's state upon perusing Fitzwilliam Darcy's revelatory missive is characteristic of Austen when relating heavy emotion: she doesn't. "Her feelings as she read were scarcely to be defined," she tells us (Austen 233). Of course, all this negation of representational skills is purely for dramatic effect, and Miss Austen goes on to provide a full account of every aspect of Elizabeth's emotional upheaval per her reading of the letter, but not, however, without using the device again in the second paragraph, in treating the subject of the truth about Mr. Wickham. Elizabeth's feelings are conveyed as having been "...yet more acutely painful and more difficult of definition." Said difficulty is indeed short lived, as the next sentence reads, "Astonishment, apprehension, and even horror, oppressed her" (Austen 233).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Wickham segment of the chapter, spanning pages 234, 235, and the better part of 236, is significant not so much in its development of Wickham's character, as in what it does to Elizabeth. After the aforementioned astonishment et. al., Elizabeth momentarily engages in denial ("This must be false! This cannot be! This is the grossest falsehood!" (Austen 233)) but eventually her intellectual faculties regain their footing and she settles down to a second "mortifying perusal of all that related to Wickham, and command[s] herself ... ... character about whom we can care, in the midst of a narrative which is not a chore to read. Works Cited Auerbach, Nina. "Waiting Together: Pride and Prejudice." Pride and Prejudice. By Jane Austen. Ed. Donald Gray. New York: Norton and Co., 1993. pp. 336-348. Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. 1813. Ed. Donald Gray. New York: Norton and Co., 1993. Harding, D. W. "Regulated Hatred: An Aspect in the Work of Jane Austen." Pride and Prejudice. By Jane Austen. Ed. Donald Gray. New York: Norton and Co., 1993. pp. 291-295. Johnson, Claudia L. "Pride and Prejudice and the Pursuit of Happiness." Pride and Prejudice. By Jane Austen. Ed. Donald Gray. New York: Norton and Co., 1993. pp. 367-376. Mudrick, Marvin."Irony as Discovery in Pride and Prejudice." Pride and Prejudice. By Jane Austen. Ed. Donald Gray. New York: Norton and Co., 1993. pp. 295-303.

Comparative Analysis

Pony and Identify 3 things that have changed and 3 things that have not changed. In the five (5) State of the Nation Addresses (Jonas) delivered by President Benson S. Aquinas Ill before the Joint Session of the House of Representatives and the Senate from 2010-2014, there are several issues that are common or consistent with all Jonas. However, for purposes of highlighting the most obvious ones, we could enumerate it according to its prominent appearance in the SOON speeches.These are the following: 1. The issue on rice importation and ice sufficiency as part of the government's overall campaign on agricultural modernization and food production to make the country a rice exporting and rice self-sufficient nation. 2. The implementation of the APS or the Pantywaist Paying Filipino Program also known as the Conditional Cash Transfer Program intended to augment the financial capability of poor families to send their students to school. 3.The Armed Forces of the Philippines (APP) Moderni zation Program that will ensure the country's external security needs by providing war materials and military equipment hence upgrading and bolstering our country's military capability. In the aspect that highlights each Sonar's uniqueness and distinctiveness, it is worth noting that there are at least 3 items in each particular SOON that shows its differences with other SOON speeches delivered from 2010-2014.

Communications Paper

Communication Paper Ana Espinoza SOC-110 April 29, 2010 Zack Zardo Communications Paper Attitude is the first thing people usually sense in communication. Communication is a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs or behavior. There are two different types of communication, verbal and nonverbal. Verbal communication usually means spoken or in some cases signed, as in American Sign Language, it also includes; rate, volume, pitch as well as articulation and pronunciation. Nonverbal communication is facial expressions, body movements (i. ; shoulder shrugs, slight shutter in the body (at the sight of something disgusting)), diversion of eye sight (example: flirting, staring, looking away when looked at. Great example from Wiki answers. com is, a man comes home late, he hears from the kitchen the slamming of pots, pans and cupboard doors. He enters the kitchen, asks his wife, â€Å"What’s the matter, honey? † Sh e answers, â€Å"Nothing! † as she slams another cupboard door. Now she has spoken the word â€Å"Nothing†, but it is her unspoken communication that tells him that â€Å"Nothing† is not the real answer. It is clearly communicated by her actions. Men and women are really not the same. Their thinking, acting, communicating and many other behaviors are different. One can make broad generalizations about males and females. The primary difference between these genders is that men are resolvers and women are relaters. Being resolvers, men tend to focus on doing, resolving issues, finding solutions and solving problems. As relaters, women generally focus on pleasing, understanding, feelings, communicating, exploring emotions, making connections and being understood. An opposite gender can understand differently than the other because we all perceive things differently. For example, one gender can see the glass as half full, and the other can see it as half empty. Even though it is the same thing, we all see, hear, understand or comprehend things differently because of our gender. Communicating across cultures improves productivity and promotes healthy and happy learning and work environments. It helps to understand cultural differences and language problems/barriers. However there are problems and challenges of cultural differences or communication. Culture can be viewed by which groups of people understand and interpret or view the world. Generally there are two types of cultural differences. They both affect communication. Differences in body positions and movements; and differences in views and practices concerning various factors of human relationships (time, space, intimacy ect. ). Body languages differ among cultures as well. For example, sitting versus squatting, and manners of walking, communication with body parts- hands, arms, head ect, may also vary by culture. Diversity describes the reality of a national and world community made up of people from different cultures with different kinds of languages and social customs very different from our own. Communicating with different cultures does not come easy, because of a lack of knowledge. It is important to be open minded, listen and try to understand others differences. Put yourself in their shoes. Our ways of thinking and our orientations to our environments are important, we each learn diverse culturally based sets of perceptual communication contexts. For someone to fully understand communication across cultures they would need to learn a little about it in order to successfully communicate. Touching and hand shaking are important to understand in cultural communication. Some cultures do not like much touching. Their handshake may be taken as weak. Other cultures that are okay with touching, have different greetings, ranging from embraces to kisses to even nose rubbing. Differing attitudes toward various factors of human relationships cause communication problems. While American English is the predominant language in the United States the number of non- native English speakers continues to grow. Although many tools can help create a productive diverse environment, one of the most important is good communication skills. We must try to be careful in our choice of word or expressions because once something is communicated it cannot be taken back. To improve communication we must better understand what t is to communicate. Verbal and nonverbal communications are the two key aspects of communication, (especially important in high context culture). In order to communicate effectively we need to utilize these communication skills. The way cultures and genders do things are all different. We do not all walk, talk, and act the same. We do not all wake up the same, pray the same, think the same or believe in the same things. Culture is often at the root of communication challenges. Exploring historical experiences and ways in which various cultural groups have related to each other is key to opening channels for cross-cultural communication. Becoming more aware of cultural differences as well as exploring cultural similarities, can help you communicate with others more effectively. References Http://wwwindependent. co. uk/news/science/womens-brains-uareu-different-from-mens-ndash-and-heres-scientific-proof-870849. html. Http://www. slideshare. net Http://www. university of phoenix. com (2008) Small group and team communication. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, SOC-110 Website. Http://www. wikianwers. com